New Forest History: shapes in the landscape

Ashley Walk Bombing Range
Why are there so many craters at Ashley Walk – north and north-east of Pitts Wood Inclosure, 5 kilometres (3 miles) east of Fordingbridge - and why can areas of imported, chalky soil be seen?

Bee Gardens
What is a New Forest bee garden?

Bishop's Dyke
What is Bishop’s Dyke, 1 kilometre (0.6 mile) south of Beaulieu Road station?

Bramshaw Telegraph
What is Bramshaw Telegraph, 8 kilometres (5 miles) north-west of Cadnam?

Bronze Age Barrows
What are the low, rounded hillocks marked on the map as Tumulus or Tumuli, such as those on the heathland south-west of Beaulieu Road station?

Butts in the New Forest
Why do some place names contain the word Butt - for example, Butts Lawn, 2 kilometres (1 1/4 miles) south-west of Lyndhurst?

Church Place names
Why do some places well away from villages have Church in their name - such as Church Place, 4 kilometres (2 1/1 miles) east-south-east of Lyndhurst?

Cut Walk
What is the Cut Walk, 1 kilometre (0.6 mile) west of Lyndhurst?

Iron Age Hill Forts
What is Castle Hill fort, 1.5 kilometres (1mile) north-west of Burley?

Irons Well
Why are the words 'Irons Well (Chalybeate)' shown beside Eyeworth Pond, 8 kilometres (5 miles) west-north-west of Cadnam?

Isolated Meanders
Why are meanders sometimes cut off from New Forest streams?

Knightwood Oak, Eagle Oak and other Ancient Trees
How old are the oldest trees in the New Forest?

Park Pale, Lyndhurst Old Park
What is the Park Pale, 2.5 kilometres (1½ miles) south-east of Lyndhurst?

Pollard Trees and Coppice Trees
Why do some old trees have multiple trunks sprouting from just above head height, whilst others have multiple shoots at ground level?

Re-seeded Grasslands
Why do some extensive areas of grassland differ so much from other New Forest landscapes?

Rhinefield Ornamental Drive
What is Rhinefield Ornamental Drive, 4 kilometres (2½ miles) north-west of Brockenhurst?

Royal Hunting Lodges
What are Royal Hunting Lodges (site of), such as the one shown at Church Place, 4 kilometres (2 1/2 miles) east-south-east of Lyndhurst?

Rufus Stone
What is the Rufus Stone, 3 kilometres (2 miles) south-west of Cadnam?

Schultze Gunpowder Factory, Fritham
Was there once a gunpowder factory in the New Forest?

Second World War Airfields
Why is there a large, 6-sided outline of tracks on Beaulieu Heath?

Turnpike Milestones
What are the big old stones by the roadside, with distances marked to nearby towns, shown on the Ordnance Survey map as MS - such as that on the A337 2.5 kilometres (1 1/2 miles) north of Lyndhurst?

Wood-banks
What are the low, earthen banks so often seen in woodland?